Learn How to Use Testcafe For Creating Testcases Just Like That

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TestCafe is an open source end-to-end browser testing tool released by DevExpress. This Node.Js open source framework is used to automate end-to-end web testing.

app testing

Astounding Features of Testcafe is that it is compatible with Windows, Mac and Linux. It also supports testing of desktop, mobile, remote and cloud browsers. Since installing Selenium webdriver and its libraries are tedious, Testcafe serves as an easy to handle alternate.

  • First of all let’s dive into the benefits of using TestCafe over others like Selenium/ UFT.
  • Downloading the software and creating test cases doesn’t take more than 5 minutes.
  • You can run tests in any browser without much effort (IE9+, Chrome, Firefox and Safari)
  • With the help of TestCafe you can run your test on multiple OS (Windows, Mac and Linux)
  • Without any extra server for multiple platform support TestCafe run tests in parallel browsers and on multiple machines.
  • TestCafe is 100% web based
  • No headache of writing code as assertions is added via a visual editor. Element selection process is very easy when it comes to TestCafe.
  • Record and play option
  • Tests made by TestCafe are purely based on JavaScript which directly communicates with DOM.
  • Learning TestCafe API’s is easy compared to Selenium’s APIs. Testcafe exposes a minimum number of APIs to learn.
  • It is affordable with flexible licensing. You will also get 12 month dedicated support.
  • Now let’s look at the steps which are involved in installing TestCafe and creating test cases.
  • First prerequisite is installation of node.js in your system. If you have node.js installed in your system then you can install packages with the help of npm command.

npm install –g testcafe                                                                 ————- for windows platform
sudo npm install –g testcafe                                                      ————–for linux platform

  • Once you are ready with installation; let’s look at the main steps to create tests. You can open any editor or IDE and make one file with extension as .js

First you have to define a text fixture whose value will contain the web app link you want to test.

Fixture ‘First practice fixture’

                .page ‘http://devexpress.github.io/testcafe/example/’;

Now you know that Node.js is asynchronous and non-blocking in nature. So, now comes a turn to declare your first testcase which you can define by

test(‘ My first test’, async t => {});

Now your fixture and first test case is ready. Now add the code to your first test case to test functionalities.

You can run this blank test by first saving the test with .js extension. Then, you can type the following command in console:

testcafe yourfilename.js

After running this blank testcase your test case will be tested against the browser explicitly mentioned. Else, it will automatically detect Google Chrome in your system and then it will open it. Hence; your test would be tested against the browser.

Now let’s add code to our first test

As of now our main structure is ready.

Fixture ‘First practice fixture’
.page ‘http://devexpress.github.io/testcafe/example/’;
test(‘ My first test’, async t => {
await t
.typeText(‘#developer-name’, ‘Nancy Tuli’);
.click(‘#macos’);
.click(‘#submit-button’);
});

What the above code will do is open Google Chrome browser and then loads the specified URL into the browser. The 3 lines of code which is defined in the test are to type ‘Nancy Tuli’ into the Developer-name field and then it will select the macos radio button. At last, it will click on the submit button.

testbytes-mobile-app-testing-banner

Now if you will run this test with the help of command testcafe yourfilename.js; then testcafe will emulate the actions defined by you.

  • You can even have a page object model with test case. In the pages.js files you can define the locators with the help of testcafe web integrated version. After having the pages of your application; you can make object of those pages and then use those locators.

Let’s suppose you have a page page.js

In the driver Script you can make object of this page by

Const page = new page();
Now you can use its locators by (.) operator.
Page.interfaceselect
Page. Macosselectbutton

  • Now in a test case you always have lot of things to verify. There is an assert statement which you will get to know from this underlying example. Let’s say after the first test a message pops up which says “Thank you, Nancy Tuli!”
  • For assertions you have to import Selector for the article header and then you can get its inner text. With this inner text you will be able to verify whether the text is present or not.

import {Selector} from ‘testcafe’;
Fixture ‘First practice fixture’
.page ‘http://devexpress.github.io/testcafe/example/’;
test(‘ My first test’, async t => {
await t
.typeText(‘#developer-name’, ‘Nancy Tuli’);
.click(‘#macos’);
.click(‘#submit-button’);
.expect(articleHeader.innerText).eql(‘Thank you, Nancy Tuli!’);
});

  • You must be amazed that till now addition of any kinds of explicit and implicit wait in the program has not taken place as we do in Selenium and UFT. Yes, you are right! TestCafe has brilliant automatic wait mechanism which takes care of all wait relates stuffs. You don’t have to introduce any kind of code for wait so that actions could be completed on time. Though, you can change the maximum wait time in testcafe itself.
  • The best thing about testcafe is its easy integration with CI/CD system. If you have a Jenkins server on which you tests would be running then no need to worry as testcafe can be integrated with Jenkins, Travis and TeamCity; and you can run all your test scripts from console.

mobile app

So, now you got to know how beneficial testcafe for testing your web apps is. You don’t need to code as it gives you ability to record and play. Even manual testers will find it easy to operate the software.

What’s The Role of a Computer Game Tester?

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Computer Game Tester is quite a new field which is much in demand nowadays. People in present time usually go for this career option if they have great love and passion for games.

What is a Games Tester?

A Games Tester is actually a dedicated kind of Software Quality Assurance Engineer. The designation also knows by the name Games Testers, Beta Game Tester, Video Games Tester,  etc.

A Computer Game tester is someone who basically works for video game production companies to carefully test video games prior to the final version which is given to the public. Also called as beta game testers, game testers receive a report of a game that is close to its final stages. They must actually play the game a number of times, from beginning to finish, in order to uncover the bugs or glitches which are present inside the game.

gametesting

Without Computer Game tester, bugs and glitches would actually increase in games, perhaps building them to an unplayable stage and disturbing the status of the video game production company.

For every platform and genre, game testers are required. Prior to the location and the company, testers will play games on XBox, Playstation, Nintendo Wii and PC platforms. Role-playing games, particularly multi-player online games, action games, and knowledge games are just some of the genres of games that a game tester must play and carefully assess prior to release.

What Does a Game Tester do?

A Computer Game tester gets advanced copies of games in order to cautiously test the game before it goes for the public release. They must navigate all the menus to make sure that everything works appropriately and takes the player to the accurate sub-menu or stage in the game.

If the game offers more than one means of play, such as learner, in-between or advanced, the tester must play through each of these means from beginning to finish exposing all the glitches if present. If the game allows playing as more than one type of character, the tester must also play the end to end game with each personality or avatar.

During the gameplay, there are attempts by the tester to discover hidden bugs by trying every possible move also analysis the choices a player might make during normal gameplay. The tester may even opt for certain things within the game that an average player might not go for, such as trying to get stuck in a wall or obstruction within the game. This type of bug is called as clipping. Once the character is stuck, the player is repeatedly unable to free the character, causing further gameplay impossible. Testers note occurrences of these and same kind of game malfunctions.

After the bug has been discovered, game testers must write an account of what occurred along with directions that precisely explain how to find the bug in the game. After submitting this information to the programmers, the testers may be requested to test revised editions of the game in order to make a constant version.

What is The Workplace of a Games Tester Like?

A Computer Game tester usually works from home, though there are some kinds of options which might require you to work on-site at a video game production company. Testers have no set daily plan, but once a game is received, they may often have to stick to strict deadlines for a number of portions of the game. Game developers often set a predictable release date for their games, so it is vital that beta testers return class information about troubles as soon as it could be done.

A Computer Game tester spends a lot of time in front of a television or computer screen and executes rhythmic motions with their hands. While an office or space allocated purposely to the job of game testing is not needed, it is significant for gamers to work in a silent and relaxing environment in order to dedicate their full attention to game play.

Salary and Benefits of a Computer Game Tester

For the testers, the starting salary range between £12,000 and £20,000 a year, depending on the company and the altitude of work, although this can go as high as £30,000 with practice and a history of effectual testing. The work can be done at home too but can be office based too. You are just required to sit in front of the computer and do all the work. The benefits for this are according to the company. So it depends that which company you are actually working in.

How To Enter This Line?

To enter the industry, testing is a great way especially if you’re not capable in coding, programming or design, and an incredible chance to become a part of a sector that prevails to grow. Your skills on the comfort and information of the market are sufficient enough to get you a job, although teaching yourself a bit about programming can do no damage to your chances. Often you will have to prove your eagerness for the industry, and whilst a 100% completion rate on your PlayStation is one thing, it might be wiser to demonstrate this through the audience at expositions and shows (such as E3) and a data backed up through reading around the subject. Placements are often helpful ways of making contacts and securing yourself options so get thinking early if this is a career path you are looking to pursue.

Types of Software Testing [Videos Included]

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Software testing is the way of assessing a software product to distinguish contrasts between given information and expected result. Additionally, to evaluate the characteristic of a product. The testing process evaluates the quality of the software. You know what testing does. No need to explain further. But, are you aware of the types of software testing.

It’s indeed a sea.

But before we get to the types, let’s have a look at the standards that need to be maintained.

Standards of Testing 

  • The entire test should meet the user prerequisites.
  • Exhaustive testing isn’t conceivable. As we require the ideal quantity of testing in view of the risk evaluation of the application.
  • The entire test to be directed ought to be arranged before executing it.
  • It follows 80/20 rule which expresses that 80% of defects originate from 20% of program parts.
  • Start testing with little parts and extend it to broad components.

Software testers know about the different sorts of software testing. In this article, we have incorporated majorly all types of software testing which testers, developers, and QA reams more often use in their everyday testing life. Let’s understand them!!!

Nature of Testing
Manual Testing
Manual testing is performed by the human to test the application. In this, the users enter the pre-documented scenarios and record their observations. Manual testing is one of the most commonly used testing methodologies but is time-consuming and less effective.
Automation testing
In automation testing, special testing software is used to test and compare the results. With this, a certain repetitive task can be performed. Automation testing helps in increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of software testing.
Various automation testing tools are available in the market. Automation Testing Tool playback pre-recorded and predefined course of actions and compare the results with the expected result and report the success or failure to an engineer. Automation testing tools are often expensive and difficult to implement, however, they provide a quick return on investment (ROI).
Types of software testing diagram

Types of Software Testing Levels

  1. Functional Testing
  2. Non-Functional Testing

Functional Testing

  • Unit testing
  • Integration Testing
  • Regression Testing
  • System Testing
  • User- acceptance testing
  • Big Bang Integration Testing
  • System Testing

Functional Testing is performed to verify that software functions as per the defined functional specifications. It is more like a black box testing where knowledge of internal structure is not needed.
In functional testing, software tester validates and ensures that all specified requirements of the client have been incorporated or not.
Unit testing
Unit testing involves testing of individual software units or components. This type of testing is normally done by the developer who is writing the specific code.
It does not verify the functionality of the overall application software. It, however, ensures that building blocks of the software are functioning as expected.

Integration Testing 

The goal of the integration testing technique is to take unit tested parts and manufacture a program structure that has been directed by the design. In integration testing, a collection of components is consolidated to create output.

Integration testing is divided into two classes: (a.) Top-down (b.) Bottom-up

Top-Down Integration Testing

In this type of testing technique, high-level modules are first tested, afterward, low-level modules and lastly integration from the low-level modules to a high-level module to guarantee the framework is functioning as expected. Stubs are utilized as a substitute module when a module isn’t prepared for integration testing.

Bottom-Up Integration Testing

In the bottom-up integration testing technique, the module at the most minimal level is created first and different modules that go towards the ‘primary’ program are coordinated and tested each one by turn. It is typically administered by the testing groups.

Regression Testing

Each time another module is added prompts variations in the program. This kind of testing ensures that the entire part works appropriately even on adding parts to the absolute program.

System Testing
System testing is end-to-end testing that tests an integrated system to verify that it meets the client’s requirements.
User- acceptance testing
The user-acceptance test is performed by the client to validate the requirement that has been agreed upon. This type of testing happens at the final stage of the product. Before it’s the introduction in the market to be precise.

Big Bang Integration Testing

This is among the many integration testing methods. In Big Bang integration testing all or almost the greater part of the modules is created and afterward joined together.

System Testing

System testing is used to guarantee that by putting the product in various environments, such as Operating Systems, it yet works. System testing is performed with full system usage and environment. It comes in the black box testing category.

In this, we have recovery testing, security testing, stress testing, and performance testing.

Non-Functional Testing

  • Recovery Testing
  • Stress Testing
  • Smoke Testing
  • Storage Testing
  • Usability Testing
  • Alpha Testing
  • Beta Testing
  • Gamma Testing
  • Mobile Testing

Recovery Testing

Recovery testing is a software testing method that decides whether the framework can proceed with the task after a crash. It believes that the application is getting information through the network cable and all of a sudden that network cable has been unplugged.

Later, on plugging the network cable the framework should begin getting information from where it lost the link because of unplugging of the network cable. It is performed by the testing groups.

Stress Testing

The software testing strategy which assesses a component or system at or past the limits of its predefined prerequisites. It is normally led by the performance engineer.

Smoke Testing

A testing procedure which inspects all the essential parts of a software framework to guarantee that they work appropriately. Normally, smoke testing is directed by the testing group, quickly after a product build is produced.

Storage Testing

This type of software testing checks the software under test stores data documents in the right directories and that it saves adequate space to keep sudden termination because of an absence of space. It is generally done by the testing group.

Usability Testing

Usability Testing is a testing process that is performed from the point of view of the customer, to assess how is the user-friendliness of the GUI?

How effectively can the customer learn? How satisfying is it to utilize its design plan? On figuring out how to utilize, how capable is the customer to perform?

This falls under the category of black-box testing. Primarily, system navigation is verified in usability testing.

Alpha Testing

This is a kind of validation testing. It is a class of acceptance testing that is done before the item is launched in the market. The purpose of this type of testing is to recognize all potential defects or issues before releasing it to the user. It is commonly done by the QA team.

Beta Testing

The beta test is directed at one or more client websites by the end-user of the product. This adaptation is launched for a few numbers of clients for testing the real-time environment.

Beta testing is successful after the client affirms the software. Thus, the end-user really utilizes the software and gives the review to the company so that the company can take the vital actions before the launch.

Gamma Testing

Gamma testing technique is used when the product is set for launch with defined necessities. It is performed at the customer’s place. It is done specifically by avoiding all the in-house testing exercises.

Mobile Testing
Recently, a lot of desktop-based applications have transitioned to mobile. The testing basics do not differ in this case.
However, mobile testing provides more challenges primarily because of:
Multiple Devices
Desktop applications are targeted towards specific OS and browsers. However testing of mobile applications working on all type of devices (Smartphone, Tablets, and Phablets) supplied by major brands (various models from Samsung, Sony, Nokia, HTC, Apple, etc) and on all the platforms (iOS, Android, Windows, BlackBerry, etc) is challenging.
Varying screen sizes and limited space
Screen size varies with different mobiles. Moreover, the limited screen size poses another challenge for mobile app testing as a large number of options can not be given on a single screen.
Dependency on emulator
As large numbers of devices exist in the market, procuring all devices is a cumbersome task. One has to rely on emulators and simulators. However, they are still not true representations of the devices and actual experience may vary.

Black-box Testing

The black box testing is a category of strategy that disregards the interior component of the framework and spotlights on the output created against any input and performance of the system. It is likewise called functional testing.

White Box Testing

The white box testing is a class of testing method that considers the inside component of a framework. It is likewise called glass box testing and structural testing.

The testing method which centers on testing of a product application for its non-functional necessities. It can be directed by the manual testing groups or by the performance engineers.

Installation Testing

Installation type of software testing is used to check whether the application is effectively installed and it is functioning as supposed to be after installation.

Reliability Testing

In this type of testing technique test is performed on the application ceaselessly for a long time with a specific goal to confirm the resistance of the application.

Documentation Testing

The documentation testing technique is performed to approve the documented artifacts, for example, test design, requirements, traceability matrix, and test cases.

Stability Testing

It is a type of non-functional test designed to test one of the product quality properties- stability. Stability testing centers around testing how firm the product is the point at which it is liable to loads at adequate levels, crest loads, loads produced in spikes, with more volumes of information to be prepared.

Scalability Testing

This testing type is a part of the series of non-functional tests that test a product application for estimating its capacity to scale up – be it the number of transactions, the client load supported, the data volume and so forth. It is led by performance engineers.

Performance Testing

Performance testing is the testing system used to survey the speed and adequacy of the framework and to ensure it is producing outcomes in a predefined time as in performance prerequisites. It falls under the black box testing category.

Performance testing can be further divided into,

Load Testing

The Testing strategy that puts the demand on a device or framework and regulates its reaction. It is typically led by performance engineers.

Capacity testing
Done to know how many users can a system handle before achieving performance goals become unacceptable.
Volume testing
To check whether the system can handle a large amount of data or not.
Stress testing
Will be able to analyze how the system behaves when the load increases beyond the expectation of the system
Soak testing
To check how the system behaves in a prolonged period of time when the load is given to the system
Spike testing 
To monitor the system under a sudden change in load

Volume Testing

It is also a class of non-functional testing. The product or application experiences a large quantity of data so volume testing checks the framework conduct and response time of the application when the framework went over such a high amount of data.

This high amount of data may affect the framework’s execution and speed of the preparing time. It is operated by the performance testing group.

Security Testing
Security testing is used to assess the loopholes of the software system to fish out all the vulnerabilities.
Types of security testing include,
Vulnerability Scanning
Performed with the help of automated software to scan a system against vulnerability signatures
Security Scanning
Used to find the weakness of the system and its weakness.

Penetration Testing

The testing technique which assesses the security of a computer network or system by reenacting an attack from a malignant source. Generally, they are led by particular penetration testing organizations.

Types of software testing don’t end there. There are other testing types used in-accordance with project specifications.

They are,

Cross-browser Testing

Cross Browser Testing is another type of non-functional test method which supports to guarantee that the site or web application functions as supposed in the different web browsers.

Ad-Hoc Testing

As the name itself recommends that this testing is performed on ad-hoc foundation i.e. with no citation to test case and furthermore with no arrangement or documentation set up for such sort of testing.

The target of this testing is to discover the deformities and break the application by administering any application flow or any irregular functionality.

Compatibility Testing

Compatibility testing method is used to check if the product can be operated on the various operating system, hardware, bandwidth, databases, application servers, web servers, hardware peripherals, diverse configuration, emulators, different browsers, processors and distinct versions of the browsers and so forth. This type of test is executed by the testing group.

Browser Compatibility Testing

It is a subtype of Compatibility Testing and is performed by the testing group. The browser Compatibility Testing is used for web applications and it guarantees that the product can operate with the combination of a distinctive operating system and browser.

This sort of testing additionally approves whether web application functions on all the browser versions or not.

Sanity Testing

Sanity Testing is performed to decide whether a new product version is performing sufficiently to acknowledge it as a noteworthy testing attempt or not.

In the event that an application is failing for the primary use then the framework isn’t sufficiently steady for additional testing. Thus, an application or build is appointed to settle it.

Static Testing

Static Testing is a kind of software testing that is administered with no code. The administration is performed on the documentation amid the testing stage. It includes the walkthrough, reviews, and examination of the deliverable s of the task.

Static testing does not administer the code rather than the code syntax. It is important to perform static testing by the testing group as the flaws distinguished while performing this test is financially savvy from the project point of view.

Qualification Testing

This type of software testing is performed against the particulars of the old release, more often led by the developer for the customer, to show that the product meets its predetermined prerequisites.

Operational Testing

Testing strategy directed to assess a framework or element in its operational environment. Generally, it is performed by testing groups.

Mutation Testing

The process of software testing which includes altering software’s bytecode or source code in small steps so as to test segments of the code that are only sometimes or never evaluated while typical tests execution. It is typically led by the software testers.

Mutation testing could be basically sorted into 3 types– statement mutation, value mutation, and decision mutation.

Pair Testing

It is a software advancement procedure in which two colleagues cooperate at one keyboard to test the product application. One does the testing and the other one analyzes or surveys the testing.

This should be possible between one Business Analyst and Tester or Developer or between the two testers with both the members alternating at driving the keyboard.

Positive Testing

The positive testing is a type of software testing used to figure out what system is expected to do. It supports to check if the application is verifying the necessities or not.

Negative Testing

This type of testing is also known as “test to fail”. Software testers having the outlook of – attitude to crack – and utilizing negative testing they validate that whether the application or system collapses.

A negative testing procedure is done utilizing wrong data, invalid information or input. It approves that if the system tosses a mistake of invalid info and carries on as assumed.

Install/Uninstall Testing

Testing performed on partial, full, or upgrade install/uninstall forms on various OS under various programming or hardware environment is named so.

Gorilla Testing

During Gorilla Testing, one module or the functionality in the module is examined completely and vigorously. The target of this type of testing is to check the power of the application. Gorilla Testing is performed by a software tester and in some cases by developer too.

Example Testing

This type of testing is real-time testing. Example testing incorporates the real-time situation, it additionally includes the situations as per the experience of the software testers.

Component Testing

It is for the most part conducted by the developers after the finishing of unit testing. Component testing is a testing technique that includes testing a collection of units as code together in general as opposed to testing singular functions strategies.

Its goal is to recognize if any fault exists subsequent to associating those numerous functionalities with each other.

End-to-end Tests

The end-to-end testing type hatches a user behavior with the product in an entire application environment. It confirms that different flows of users function as assumed and can be as straightforward as loading a site page or signing in or considerably more unpredictable conditions like online payments, verifying e-mails, etc.

End-to-end tests are extremely helpful, yet they’re costly to implement and can be difficult to manage when they’re automated.

They are intended to be fast to execute, and their objective is to give you the affirmation that the significant traits of your framework are functioning as they should.

Active Testing

This testing type comprises introducing test information and probing the execution outcomes. It is typically directed by the software testing team.

Passive Testing

The Testing method comprising of observing the consequences of a running framework without presenting any unique test data. It is done by the testing group.

Accessibility Testing

The purpose of this type of testing is to decide whether the contents of the site can be effectively located by disabled individuals.

Different checks, for example, the font size for visually disabled, color contrasts for partially blind individuals, clear and crisp content that is not at all difficult to read and comprehend.

Ramp Testing

The type of testing comprising of raising an information flag consistently to the point that the framework collapse. It might be led by the performance engineer or team of testers.

Back-end Testing

Also known as Database Testing. In this type of testing at whenever point a data or an input is entered on front-end application, it saves in the database and the testing of such a database.

In the back-end testing method GUI isn’t included, software testers are specifically associated with the database with legitimate access and they can without much stress confirm data by running a couple of inquiries on the database.

Database testing includes testing of the schema, data structure, table structure, stored methodology, etc.

API Testing

API testing is a sort of testing that resembles unit testing. All of the Software APIs are tested according to API term. This testing is majorly performed by testing group unless APIs to be tested are complex and necessities broad coding. It needs an understanding of API functionality and having great coding abilities.

Agile Testing

Agile testing is a testing technique that obliges the agile programming development approach and practices. Testing is a vital factor of software advancement in an agile development environment and is done alongside coding. This type of testing permits iterative and incremental coding and testing.

Context Driven Testing

It is a type of an Agile Testing procedure that supports the consistent and inventive assessment of test cases as per the potential data uncovered and the estimation of that data to the company at a particular time. It is normally conducted by Agile testing groups.

Boundary Value Testing (BVT)

In this testing procedure, testing is done broadly to verify errors at the boundary conditions. Boundary Value Testing method depends on the notion of – defects aggregates at boundaries.

Automated Testing

This is a testing methodology that uses testing tools and additional programming to run the experiments utilizing customized development test utilities or software.

The majority of the automated tools give capture and playback ease, nonetheless, there are tools that need writing broad scripting or programming to mechanize test cases.

Comparison Testing

A comparison of software’s quality and shortcomings with its old versions or other comparative software is named as Comparison Testing.

Age Testing

Type of software testing technique which assesses a framework’s capacity to perform in the future. The assessment procedure is directed by the team of testers.

Basis Path Testing

It is a type of software testing system which determines a logical model of a procedural design and uses this as a guide for characterizing an essential arrangement of execution paths. It is utilized by testing members when describing test cases.

Benchmark Testing

Benchmark testing is a testing system that employs representative sets of data and programs designed to assess the execution of PC equipment and program in an assigned configuration. It is done by testing groups.

Backward Compatibility Testing

It is a kind of testing that approves whether the recently created software or upgraded software functions adequately with the previous version of the environment or not.

It likewise functions sufficiently with data files, data tables, data structure made by the previous version of that product.

Binary Portability Testing

The type of testing method that tests an executable application for portability all over framework environments and platforms more often for affirmation to an ABI designation. It is done by the team of testers.

Code-Driven Testing

The testing procedure that practices testing systems, for example, xUnit, that permit the execution of unit tests to decide if different segments of the code are working as assumed under different conditions. It is operated by the development groups.

Condition Coverage Testing

This type of testing method is applied where every condition is performed by presenting it true and false, in all of the ways at least once. It is usually created by the Automation Testing teams.

Error Handling Testing

This type of software testing decides the capacity of the framework to legitimately process incorrect transactions. It is normally led by the team of software testers.

Conversion Testing

Testing of methods or programs used to change over data from existing frameworks for usage in replacement frameworks. It is typically done by the QA team.

Binary Portability Testing

The technique that tests an executable application for transportability all over system environments and platforms, typically for adaptation to an ABI determination. It is led by software testing groups.

Exploratory Testing

This is an informal software testing type, commanded to understand the product in the meantime searching for mistakes or application behavior that appears non-obvious.

It is generally done by manual testers, however, it should possibly be done by other partners as well and additionally by developers, Business Analysts, end users, etc.

Concurrency Testing

Concurrency testing type is a multi-user testing method equipped towards deciding the impacts of evaluating a similar application code, database records, or module. It is generally led by performance engineers.

Formal Verification Testing

This type of testing is a way of proving or denying the accuracy of planned algorithms covered in a system for a specific formal property or specification, utilizing formal techniques for arithmetic. It is generally conducted by QA teams.

Destructive Testing

Destructive testing is a type of testing in which the tests are done to the specimen’s breakdown, keeping in mind the end goal to comprehend a part’s basic execution or material behavior under various loads.

Equivalence Partitioning

Also known as Equivalence Class Partitioning, This test analyzes test information into Equivalence classes as positive and negative Equivalence classes, such characterization guarantees that both positive and negative conditions are tested.

Dependency Testing

A software testing type which looks at an application’s prerequisites for previous software, initial states as well as configuration with a specific goal to keep up legitimate functionality. It is typically done by testing groups.

Domain Testing

A type of white box testing strategy which includes checking that the program acknowledges its info. It is generally led by software developers’ groups and infrequently by automation testing groups.

Fuzz Testing

Fuzz testing or fuzzing testing is a type of software testing system that includes testing with random or unexpected data sources. The Software is observed for error messages that are introduced because of the input mistakes.

Gray Box Testing

A mix of Black Box and White Box testing strategies: testing a bit of program against its detail yet utilizing some learning of its inside workings. It can be achieved by either testers or development groups.

Graphical User Interface (GUI) Testing

The goal of this GUI testing is to approve the GUI according to the business prerequisite. The normal GUI of the application is specified in GUI mockup screens and Detailed Design Document.

It additionally approves the menu of the application. After choosing a distinctive menu and menu options, it approves that the page does not vary and the alignment stays the same subsequent to drifting the mouse on the menu or sub-menu.

Happy Path Testing

The target of the happy path testing type is to test an application effectively on a positive flow. It doesn’t search for error or negative conditions. The emphasis is just on the legitimate and positive data by which the application produces the proposed output.

Globalization Testing

This type of testing technique checks the best possible working of the software with any of the cultural settings utilizing each kind of international information conceivable. It is done by a large group.

Monkey Testing

The goal of this type of testing is to check if the framework or application gets broken by giving random data. Monkey Testing is done randomly and no experiments are scripted and it isn’t important to know about the whole functionality of the framework.

Sanity Testing

Sanity Testing is a type of testing that is performed to decide whether another software variant is performing adequately to acknowledge it for a major testing exertion or not.

In case an application is crashing for the underlying use then the framework isn’t sufficiently steady for additional testing. Thus, an application or a build is allocated to settle it.

Keyword-driven Testing

This type of software testing is more of an automated software testing approach than a sort of testing itself. Keyword-driven testing is also known as table-driven testing or action-driven testing.

Risk-based Testing

This testing includes testing of very critical functionality, that has the greatest influence on business and in which the possibility of failure is really huge.

The priority determination relies upon the business prerequisites, so when priority is fixed for all functionalities then test cases are performed first-served by medium functionalities and then low priority functionalities.

This type of testing is performed when there is inadequate time available to test complete software and software requires being executed on time without any lag.

Conformance Testing

The conformance testing is a type of software testing process in which an implementation adheres to the specification on which it relies. It is normally conducted by the testing teams.

Soak Testing

Soak testing is a sort of performance testing, wherein the program is subjected to load over a huge span of time. Soak testing may continue for a few days or sometimes for a couple of weeks.

Soak testing is directed to discover mistakes that yield in degeneration of programming execution when preceded with utilization.

Hybrid Integration Testing

The type of testing system which consolidates top-down and bottom-up reconciliation procedures altogether to use advantages of this type of testing. It is normally done by the software testing teams.

Inter-Systems Testing

This software testing procedure spotlights on testing the application to guarantee that interconnection between application works accurately. It is typically conducted by the team of software testers.

Manual Scripted Testing

The type of testing technique in which the experiments are composed and analyzed by the team members before performing it. It is completed by Manual Testing groups.

Interface Testing

Interface testing type is needed when a product offers help for at least one interface like “Graphical UI”, or “Application programming interface” or “Order Line Interface” to associate with its clients or other programs. Interfaces fill in as the medium for a product to acknowledge data from a client and offer output to the client.

Localization Testing

Localization testing is a kind of testing in which software is required to adjust to a specific area. It should support a specific region/dialect with regards to display, accepting data to that specific locale, text style, display, currency, date time, and so on, identified with a specific region. This type of testing is led by software testers.

Manual-Support Testing

The testing method includes testing of each and every function executed by the individuals while setting up the information and utilizing this information from the automated framework. It is directed by the team of software testers.

Mode-Based Testing

The utilization of Model-based design for executing and designing the vital antiques to perform program testing. This testing is generally conducted by software testing groups.

Orthogonal array Testing

This is a systematic, statistical method for testing which can be implemented in UI testing, framework testing, configuration testing, Regression Testing, and Performance Testing. It is done by the software testing team.

Path Testing

It is a standard white box testing which has the objective to fulfill scope criteria for each logical path through the software. It is normally conducted by the development group.

Retesting

It is a kind of software retesting that acts as a component of defect fix check. It is led by software testers. When a tester checks the defect fix as settled, the software tester will then test or retests a similar functionality again by performing the experiments that were crashed before.

System Integration Testing

As the name recommends, the center of System integration testing technique is to test for mistakes identified with integration among various applications, third-party vendor applications, services, and so on. It is otherwise called SIT in short. This kind of testing is led by software testing team.

Requirement Testing

The testing method which approves that the requirements are right, unambiguous, complete, and logically reliable and permits planning a fundamental and adequate arrangement of test cases from those necessities. It is performed by the QA team.

Statement Testing

A type of white box testing which fulfills the criterion that every statement in software is executed minimum once amid program testing. It is generally conducted by the software development team.

Structural Testing

It is also a type of white box testing method which considers the inside structure of a component or a framework and guarantees that every program statement plays out its proposed work. It is generally done by the software developers.

Loop Testing

Loop testing is a type of white box testing system which is to approve an alternate sort of loops, for example, simple loops, concatenated loops, nested loops, and unstructured loops.

Configuration Testing

The configuration testing type is the method of testing an application with all of the supported software and hardware configurations to see if the application can work with no issues.

Bucket Testing

The bucket testing is a strategy to look at two versions of an application to distinguish from each other and to figure out which one works better.

Thread Testing

A variety of top-down software testing strategy where the dynamic integration of segments accompanies the use of subsets of the necessities. It is typically implemented by the team of software testers.

Upgrade Testing

The software testing method that confirms if resources made with previous versions can be utilized legitimately and that user’s learning isn’t tested. It is done by the software testers.

Pilot Testing

The pilot testing is a type of testing completed under an ongoing working situation by the organization keeping in mind the end goal to obtain the confidence of the customer.

Forward Compatibility Testing

The forward compatibility testing is used to approve the application under test is functioning as planned in the later versions of the product’s present variant.

Failover Testing

Failover testing is a type of testing method that approves a framework’s capacity to have the potential to assign additional asset while the server crash and transferring of the handling part to backup systems.

Workflow Testing

A Scripted end-to-end testing strategy copies particular work processes that are relied upon to be used by the end-user. Typically led by software testing groups.

Fault Injection Testing

Fault injection testing is a type of software testing procedure in which fault is deliberately presented in the code keeping in mind the goal to enhance the test coverage.

Scenario Testing

The type of software testing action that utilizes scenarios in view of a theoretical story to enable an individual to thoroughly consider a complicated issue or framework for a testing domain.

What is The Use of Different Types of Software Testing?

Normally software engineers, developers, testers, QA teams working in applications or system advancement, analyze first the requirements of the product and user. Later they design, build, test, and manage PC applications systems or software to address the issues.

As the Quality of Product is promptly turning into a vital competitive concern thus, Software Testing is the best procedure to verify the quality of the product and give information about the product going through the test.

It’s a procedure of checking product requirements and approving assigned prerequisites. Software testing is comprehensively about giving information to partners about the quality of the product.

Do We Use all Types of Software Testing in Every Project?

The quality of the software can be characterized by its functionality, ease of use, usability, productivity, practicality, and mobility and based on the elements of software testing type.

In any case, all types of testing are not utilized as a part of all the projects. There are elective definitions or procedures utilized in various companies, yet the fundamental idea is the same all over the place.

Therefore, these testing types, techniques, and their execution methods continue evolving as and when the prerequisites, projects, and scope vary.

Conclusion

Software engineers, developers, QA teams, and testers apply the standards and strategies of software engineering, computer science, and mathematical analysis to the plan, advancement, testing, and assessment of the product and the frameworks that empower software to play out their real functions.

There is a tremendous domain of software testing technologies that are thoroughly taking control to provide better administrations to engineers where they can do considerably more. New software testing tools and technologies are spread at an alarming pace.

Demand for the advancing abilities of software developers makes a domain where it can be hard to discover the skill to deal with the requirements of a product development venture. There are more potential scope of testing abilities and opportunities to seek after than before.

Every type of software testing has its own particular advantages, disadvantages, and features too. One test to finding out about software testing type is that there are numerous terms in the business, and these terms are frequently utilized differently.

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What is Accessibility Testing? Why is it Crucial?

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Accessibility Testing is a subset of usability testing which is aimed at ensuring that people with disabilities can access the resources available to all.
Primarily discussed in the context of website usability testing, the accessibility testing should be designed to test the ease-of-use of the site itself, by persons with disabilities and at the same time, have a rigorous feedback mechanism which can enable changes in design, constant improvements, and enhancement of the user experience.
There is a need for accessibility testing, over and beyond to adhering regulatory norms, to be able to design formats that cater to everyone and is inclusive and non-discriminatory.
In this article, we will discuss in detail about accessibility testing and the scope of its implementation in various future projects.
What’s the definition and requirement of accessibility testing?
Broadly, the testing is designed to aid people with speech, vision, motor, and cognitive difficulties as well as the elderly who may also find themselves at a disadvantage. Assistive technology such as speech recognition, screen reader, screen magnification, and special keyboards go a long way in enabling the use of software products by all.
While it is required that these tools be built into products, just like all other aspects of usability are repeatedly tested to ensure the user has the best experience, it becomes imperative that accessibility testing is made part of the routine testing cycle. It will ensure that these aids are built-in efficiently and continue to provide an enhanced experience, irrespective of the user.
The testing can be categorized into manual and automated; however, it is only when done together that there will be a better understanding of the problem and development of efficient solutions.
While Automated testing assists at a coding level, in identifying repeated issues which need to be fixed and facilitates effective maintenance, manual testing tackles it by prioritizing the user, allowing us to understand challenges from the user perspective and resolving it based on user insight and not merely at a code level.
Testing needs to be done early and as a continuous process because testing right at the end leads to it lacking in rigor and sometimes even omitted. Further, in terms of actual changes that need to be implemented, both from a cost as well as an efficiency perspective, it becomes easier to do it on an ongoing basis.
There is a need for clear testing requirements concerning regulatory norms that need to adhere to. For example, https://www.w3.org/WAI/policies/ provides information on legislation concerning accessibility requirements (country-wise), company policies for accessibility, customer policies which the company may have in place, and finally, marketing accessibility to customers and users.
While these external requirements need to be determined and worked towards, this should only set the floor regarding the overall efficiency of the product.
The goal should always be concerning maximizing accessibility, and the testing team has a responsibility to constantly raise additional accessibility concerns and ensure they are acknowledged as well as answered.
There is also a need to distinguish between these requirements and reports should be able to demarcate as well as indicate the level of adherence.
With this in mind, accessibility testing needs to be inherent to the process across designers, developers, and testers.
To ensure accessibility standards, one should be cognizant of the development environments and environment options across different devices while using specialized tools, automated testing tools, and assistive technology.
Why we need Accessibility Testing?
While one may feel that accessibility testing is not important as it caters to only a very small section of people, but it reality that is not the case. Here are some reasons why accessibility testing is important.

  1. Make it usable for disabled people

It must be noted here that there are close to 20% of people who suffer from one or the other kind of disability. These disabilities can include handicaps, blindness, deaf, and others. Any software that is rolled out to the market can not ignore this section of the people. This makes usability testing important.

  1. Legal Requirement

Many countries have a law that makes it mandatory for software and IT products to be compliant with the usability needs of differently-abled people. Accessibility testing is mandatory to pass the legal requirements. Different countries have different laws to handle these like the Americans with Disabilities Act – 1990 (USA), Disability Act of 2005 (Ireland), and more.

  1. Avoid Law Suits

There have been several cases in the past where big companies have been sued by people for not being user-friendly for differently-abled people. These companies were not only asked to pay not only monetary compensation but also forced to make their software compliant at a later stage. These companies include corporate giants like Amazon, Target, and AOL.

  1. Usable for elderly people

Elderly people are another section of society just getting used to new technology and product innovations. Many times they find it difficult to use the software and applications. It is the responsibility of the companies to ensure their apps are usable by senior citizens also. They are a reasonably big portion of the market and should not be ignored for the success of the product.
The Scope of Accessibility Testing
In this context, we should now look at what is the scope of accessibility testing. It has, so far, been discussed and mainly developed in terms of software and more specifically website usability testing, from an end-user perspective. The next logical extrapolation is, of course, to applications and web-based products and across different devices like computers, mobiles, tablets, etc.
Within a web site context itself, the importance of making the user interface accessible cannot be overstated. This then extends to applications on mobiles and tablets, as well.
An accessible interface at any point enables the user to seek other resources to access the same content in a more usable form. In keeping with this, one approach would be to ensure that the personas you build for developing user cases span a wide breadth and necessarily include people with different abilities.
One common mistake would be to assume that disabilities are interchangeable or demographics can be merged.
It is critical to be aware that every disability is different and unique and it is essential to tackle different demographics based on age, gender, etc. within each of them.
The wider the breadth of the user test cases, the more rigorous the accessibility is likely to be.
In keeping with this thinking, there needs to be two groups doing the testing – experts and users.
While the expert testing group handles the technological aspect of the product and uses dedicated testing tools, the user testing group is critical since they can reveal gaps in the usability and also within various types of users such as new users, familiar and expert users.
The feedback from the user testing needs to flow back into the expert testing group for evaluation and more importantly, action, in terms of making it more accessible.
More inclusive and non-discriminatory products and services are the need of the hour. Thus accessibility testing should be made part of any prototype being built or any new design.
While not every webpage and application will be evaluated by experts for accessibility, it is possible for website developers, at every stage, to learn about accessibility, build it into their design as well as development, ensure testing and use the feedback to enhance the next round of development.
There is a need to drive this as an essential process and also share this as a best practice across groups, thereby making accessibility testing as a critical part of usability testing.
The points covered in this article would have enlightened you with the fact about accessibility testing and the increasing demand for it.
Accessibility Testing Checklist
Here are some points that are used to whether the application is a go or no-go from an accessibility point of view.

  1. For every mouse, joystick, or windows operation, there must be a virtual keyboard displayed.
  2. User Manual should be provided with the software or application in a simple and easy to understand language supported with pictures where ever deemed necessary.
  3. The user should be able to move between controls and objects using the tab button. The movement should be sequential or logical with a seamless flow.
  4. The user must be able to navigate through the application using the standard short cut keys, especially for menu items.
  5. The application should support all or most commonly used operating systems.
  6. The choice of images and pictures in the application should be appropriate and easily understandable for the users.
  7. If there are audio and video options, then the users should be able to control them as well.
  8. The user should be able to change the default fonts and audio as per his needs and requirements.
  9. The color schema of the application is suitable and legible for all users.
  10. Ensure the audio and video content is clear and understandable for people with disabilities.

While this list is not exhausted, it is still a starting point for your application accessibility testing. There may be more points to be added specifically to the application under test (AUT)
Top 5 Accessibility Testing Tools
Accessibility is an important criterion for every application. Here we will discuss some of the most widely used tools in the market to help with accessibility testing.

  1. Wave

It is a free tool that can be used to check the web page manually for a lot of aspects of accessibility. This tool can be used to check sensitive and password protected web pages as well. An advantage of this tool is the private and secure accessibility test reports.

  1. TAW

TAW is a popular tool used to determine the accessibility of a web page. This tool assesses the web page as per the W3C accessibility guidelines and displays the issues that need attention. This tool allows you to check single and multiple pages as well on a website.

  1. Accessibility Valet

This tool accesses your web pages against the WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines). The tool has provisions for detailed accessibility reports along with the scripting tools.

  1. Quick Accessibility Page Tester

When you want a quick and efficient accessibility analysis for your web page, Quick Accessibility Page Tester is what you should use. It will perform a detailed analysis of your page, point out the issues, and gives you some awesome suggestions as well.

  1. Accessibility Developer Tool

This is a Chrome extension that can be used to do an accessibility audit. This is widely used because of the ease of adding the extension to your browser and the frequent updates that are rolled out. After running an audit on your page you will have a fair idea of the accessibility rules violated by your page. This will help fix the issues in the early stages itself
Conclusion
Hope you have understood the cardinal importance of accessibility testing and why it’s one of the catalyst for your app success.

Need Help To Know About Software Testing? Follow This Complete Guide

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Testing, the most integral part of Software Development Life Cycle is a crucial process. It helps a product to be exactly the way you have intended It to be and will make sure that survives in the competitive market.

Benefits of the testing process are not just limited to making your software robust and powerful. Although they are the prime, there are other benefits too.

app testing

  • Bugs can prove to be costly and deadly. Testing can be a solution to both
  • Only if you have an error-free product you can devise a perfect marketing strategy
  • Can enhance User Experience
  • Can promote the goodwill of a company

Software Testing Help

Testing is not just a process. It is a huge branch comprised of a lot of testing procedures and methodologies which can be used in accordance with product specification, functionalities, requirement, and issues. It is also a vast industry with a lot of career opportunities, responsibilities, and branches.

So let’s have a detailed view of this amazing process which has managed to save billions by pointing out flaws.

Best Practices For Software Testing

Automated software testing is valuable for different reasons however to get most extreme advantages out of automated testing. One needs to remember certain prescribed points before starting the real testing process:

There are few tests that are better done manually. Before allowing for automated testing, watch that the test is reasonable for automated testing. A risk-based strategy can be utilized to distinguish the most essential business cases and situations.

Configuration Tests Before Automating

Great test configuration helps in the classification of the majority of the defects. Thus, designing of tests ought to be finished with most extreme care and attention.

Test Early And Consistently

Begin testing at the earliest opportunity. Early testing takes into consideration early distinguishing of bugs, which is both less demanding and savvier to settle over the long haul.

Further, keeping in mind the end goal to have best outcomes, testing should be repeated consistently.

Select The Suitable Automated Testing Tool

As there are various automated testing tools accessible in the market, thus it is vital to pick the suitable automated testing device that best satisfies your general prerequisites.

Make Great Quality Test Data

For powerful utilization of an automated testing tool, it is basic that the testing apparatus can translate and emphasize the substance of the data records. Making test data for automated tests is monotonous, however, one needs to put time and endeavor into making very much organized data. This will facilitate the method of writing automated tests.

Utilize Test Strategies

Testing strategies, for example, state transition testing, equivalence partitioning, decision-tables, pairwise testing, boundary value analysis can be utilized for robotized testing.

Automate Just Stable Functionality

If a component is liable to change or rendered inapplicable because of changing business choices, the attempt of executing test automation will go waste. It is best to mechanize the functionality once it has been balanced out.

Process Involved In Software Testing

Planning and Control

Test Planning

Test arranging includes delivering a file that portrays a general approach and test goals. It includes investigating the test premise, recognizing the test conditions as per the examination of test things, designing the test environment, and writing test cases.

Exit or Completion criteria must be defined so that testers and team would know when testing (at any stage) is finished.

Control

This is the action of looking at real progress against the planning and reporting the status, including deviations from the plan. It includes taking activities important to meet the mission and targets of the undertaking.

Analysis and Design

The principal test process portrays this action as designing the test cases utilizing the systems chosen while you’re at the planning stage. For each test case, determine its target, the underlying condition of the product, the input series and the required result.

The particular can be considered as three separate errands:

  • Distinguish test conditions.
  • Configuration test cases – decide ‘how’ the distinguished test conditions will be worked out.
  • Construct test cases – execution of the experiments (data, scripts, and so forth.).

Usage and Execution

The motivation behind this action is to execute the greater part of the test cases (however not really all at once). This should be possible either with the utilization of a test execution automation tool or manually.

The most vital test cases ought to be executed first. Normally, the most essential test cases are the ones that are well on the way to locate the most genuine errors yet may likewise be those that focus on the most critical parts of the framework.

In case that numerous errors are found during an initial couple of tests, we may conclude that it does not merit executing others (at any rate until the flaws discovered so far have been settled). For this situation, it is especially imperative to have organized the test cases to guarantee that at least the most critical ones are executed.

Assessing Exit Criteria and Reporting

Assessing exit criteria is a procedure describing when to quit testing. It relies upon the scope of code, functionality or hazard. Fundamentally, it additionally relies upon business risk, time, and cost and differs from one project to another. Exit criteria are considered, when –

  • Most of the test cases are executed with a specific pass rate.
  • Bug rate falls beneath a specific level.
  • When we accomplish the due dates.

Assessing Exit Criteria Has The Accompanying Real Duties:

  • To evaluate if more tests are required or if the exit criteria indicated ought to be changed.
  • To compose a test review report for partners.

Test Closure Activity

This activity has the goal of checking the records against the completion criteria determined in the test design. Test conclusion activities are performed when the product is prepared to be released. In case that these criteria are not met, it will be important to backpedal to the detail stage to define more test cases to reach the completion criteria.

Test Completion Activity Has The Accompanying Significant Duties –

  • To check which planned expectations are really conveyed and to guarantee that every occurrence report has been settled.
  • To finish and archive testware, for example, test environments, scripts etc. for reusing later.
  • To handover the testware to the support team. They will offer help to the product.
  • To assess how the testing went and learn lessons for future launches and ventures.
Role of Testing in SDLC (Software Testing Life Cycle)

Testing is a procedure as opposed to a single action. This procedure begins with test planning then designing test cases, getting ready for execution and assessing status till the test conclusion. Thus, we can divide the practices inside the key test process into the accompanying essential steps:

Prerequisite Analysis

The initial phase in the SDLC is the Prerequisite Analysis stage. In this stage, the Testing or Quality Assurance group chooses what should be tested. There are two fundamental sorts of testing – functional and non-functional.

Functional testing incorporates tests to assess how the product is working: for instance, if a button –  ‘Add product to the Shopping Cart’ really adds the product to the cart, or if while looking for a thing, say a blue dress in Large size, every single blue dress in Large size is shown.

Non-functional testing incorporates characteristics that are off camera, for example, execution and security.

Planning The Test

After a settlement is made with respect to what parts of testing should be finished, the following stage is planning how the test will be led. This incorporates deciding the resources as far as the number of hours it would take, cost and number of team members that ought to be committed to the testing stage, and the due dates by which the outcomes ought to be conveyed.

Building Up The Test Case

One of the essential phases of the Software Development Life Cycle is building up the test case. This incorporates writing out a well-ordered strategy on how the test ought to be executed, the expected outcomes, the genuine outcomes, and if the test was a pass or a fail.

Setting Up The Test Environment

After planning the tests, the following stage is to legitimately set up the test environment. The test environment ought to dependably be as great a reproduction of the end users’ environment as it can be. The financial plan can frequently be a constraint in installing up a compelling test environment and this ought to dependably be contemplated by the design team members.

Performing The Test

Subsequent to establishing up the of the test environment, the following stage is completing the tests. The product ought to be tested comprehensively in the test environment and the outcomes acquired ought to be accurately recorded.

In the event that the product does well in the tests, at that point it certainly is an indication of the great things to come. However, in the event that it fails to perform then the product ought to be sent back to the planning stage to resolve any defects that may have been discovered amid the tests.

The planning, designing, and achievement of the tests is a genuinely simple process when you have the correct sort of training and skill with you.

Final Reporting

After the testing of the software, the last step is to prepare the appropriate reports for the tests and to present those reports to the different partners and potential stockholders.

All these are the fundamental steps for a software developing life cycle. These should be taken as an essential structure for completing a software developing lifecycle. Also, these steps or even a portion of these can be done in a specific order contingent upon the prerequisites of the administration.

Types of Software Testing Tools Used, Their Advantages and Disadvantages

Here’s a review of the various and best software testing automation tools that help most efficiently all the product testing people out there.
Selenium

It is the number one automation testing tool for all web application testing devices. Selenium can be executed in Operating Systems and various browsers. It is compatible with many programming languages and automation testing systems.

Advantages

  • Selenium can be coordinated with ANT or Maven sort of framework for source code collection.
  • It supports less RAM and CPU utilization for script execution.
  • Selenium can be combined with TestNG testing framework for creating reports and testing our applications.

Disadvantages

  • Selenium needs particularly mastery resources. The resources ought to likewise be extremely knowledgeable in framework architecture.
  • Selenium does not support built-in plug-ins.
  • Selenium does not give any built-in IDE to script production and it requires other IDE like Eclipse for script writing.

Testcomplete

Testcomplete is a robust and simple to-utilize functional test automation tool by SmartBear. It can mechanize tests across mobile, desktop, and web applications.

TestComplete supports numerous scripting languages like Python, VBScript, and JavaScript and in addition different testing methods, for example, data-driven testing, keyword-driven testing, distributing testing, and regression testing.

Advantages

  • With its record-and-replay trait and the powerful object recognizing engine, you can likewise make complex automated test scripts without writing a single code line.
  • Simple to sort out tests and group into functional tests that can be reutilized in Test cases.
  • Debugging the code by permitting breakpoint.

Disadvantages

  • The tool has to enhance the execution of its JavaScript code. This is presently a tremendous issue.
  • Certain times a recorded test can make the application crash when it is too large for the framework it’s running on.
  • Unfit to utilize variables inside Objects in Stores.

Apache JMeter

Apache JMeter is an open source Java desktop application intended for the load testing. It mostly centers around web applications. This device can likewise be utilized for limited functional testing and unit testing.

Advantages

  • JMeter is an open source software. This implies it can be downloaded free of charge. It is likewise a 100% pure Java application.
  • It comes prepared to use with default settings. It doesn’t expect you to have particular abilities or domain learning to utilize it.
  • JMeter supports diverse configurations for reporting like XML, text, HTML, and JSON.

Disadvantages

  • JMeter can assume heavy load and envision the test report. This may employ heaps of memory and can lead out of memory under substantial load.
  • It has constrained support for handling Ajax or JavaScript. This may influence the precision of the simulation.
  • It is not an appropriate tool for testing the desktop application.

TestRail

TestRail is a modern test administration tool with full a JIRA add-on incorporation.

Advantages

  • It is the only tool that incorporates with any JIRA edition and version, including JIRA Cloud.
  • This is a useful tool to oversee, track and organize testing endeavors.

Disadvantages

  • Manual test cases and automated tests are needed to keep in sync.
  • Automated test and manual test cases should be planned and performed.

Breeze

Breeze for JIRA provides a fully incorporated test management systems. In this, testing is incorporated into the project cycle which enables analyzer to track the product quality and take the go/no-go conclusions. The tool likewise permits rigorous procedure flow to be adaptable to roll out quicker improvements.

Advantages

  • Better traceability with the linkage between test cases, stories, and bugs in the test cycles.
  • Various test redundancies with numerous cycles can be made.
  • Conceivable to make customized filters.

Disadvantages

  • Not conceivable to send out all the test cases and results in a single file.
  • Reporting should be possible for just a single specific cycle of an iteration. A combined report can’t be created for all the test cycles of the iteration.
  • Test Case format is arranged and can’t be altered.

Robotium

Robotium is a famous automation testing tool for Android. It supports hybrid and native applications and lets writing automated black-box test cases simply. It additionally integrates flawlessly with Gradle, Maven, and Ant which runs test cases as persistent integration.

Advantages

  • You can build capable test cases, with the negligible learning of the application under test.
  • Least time required to write strong experiments.
  • It enables us to take screenshots anytime in the test (both for Device and Emulator) and save it to internal memory or SD Card of the device or Emulator.

Disadvantages

  • Attached to one application process.
  • It can’t run with various Applications on the test.
  • Tied to JUnit 3 Instrumentation on the gadget.

Telerik TestStudio

Telerik TestStudio is one answer for automating web, desktop, and mobile application testing including load, UI, and performance testing. It is a comprehensive test automation arrangement. It is appropriate for GUI, load, performance, and API testing.

Advantages

  • It doesn’t make you write code in many scenarios because of its good language support.
  • Testers can design, maintain and pass tests to developers via source control to help with more complicated, edge-case scenario.
  • It accompanies rich support with data-driven testing. All recorded test steps have information related features that enable you to tie them to a data source.

Disadvantages

  • It’s not free and also is a costly tool.
  • You can change all steps to code but can’t revert them.
  • You can’t utilize components of one venture to another. Hence, you have to make only one project and after a time it becomes heavy.

Katalon Studio

Katalon Studio is a capable test automation tool for Web, mobile and API testing. Also, it is totally free! It gives a thorough arrangement of traits for test automation, including making test cases, recording activities, producing test scripts, executing tests, reporting outcomes, and coordinating with numerous different tools in the product development lifecycle.

Katalon Studio operates on the Windows and MacOS both, supporting automated testing of Android and iOS applications, web applications on every modern browser, and API services.

Advantages

  • Katalon takes into account the need of non-programmers by giving record and playback benefit and scripting in manual mode for experiment creation.
  • It gives internal logging device and screenshot on failure trait.
  • The in-built frameworks, templates, coordination with Jira, Jenkins, Git and so on characteristics help in accelerating the test creation time.

Disadvantages

  • The script creation is constrained to only Java and Groovy.
  • There is no help for distributed testing.
  • It can’t mechanize desktop applications unlike to some authorized tools.

Appium

Appium test automation tool is basically expected for mobile applications. Fortunately, it is an open source tool. It is not at all difficult to install and utilize. It has developed tremendous reputation and resistance over a recent couple of years as compared to other mobile automation testing framework.

Advantages

  • Appium is Cross Platform.
  • It supports automation of native, hybrid, and mobile web applications.
  • Appium supports multiple languages like Ruby, Java, Python, JavaScript, C#, PHP.

Disadvantages

  • Appium does not give immediate support to android notification handling.
  • User can’t find pictures with Appium so as to find pictures user needed to work with screen coordinates.
  • It supports limited android versions.

Sikuli

Sikuli depends on image identification and has the ability of robotizing anything that we see on the screen. As of now, it underpins desktop applications which run on Mac, Windows, or Unix/Linux. This framework is great for recreating bugs rapidly and its users have revealed it to be exceptionally helpful when contrasted with different other tools when you will use an application that isn’t web-based.

Advantages

  • Sikuli is open source.
  • Sikuli IDE provides enough API’s to interface with desktop-based applications. Thus, we can utilize the greater part of the API’s of python scripting too.
  • We can without much of a stress perform Boundary values testing of an app, which relies upon the scripting.

Disadvantages

  • Sikuli IDE hangs frequently and some of the time doesn’t get opened until the point that we clear the registry.
  • Sikuli scripting is a platform reliant.
  • It is likewise dependent on the resolution.
Various Designation and Roles in Software Testing

All the software-based companies or IT companies have a different area of experts who have a certain role with the profile of software testing. Essentially, software testing is an examination which is directed to get some answers concerning the nature of the software or products being delivered or controlled by the organization. This lessens risks, enhance quality and subsequently prompt a more gainful state.

There are numerous job roles appointed for the procedure of software testing and the division takes a various hierarchical position approach. The accompanying is a detailed software testing work hierarchy:

Project Manager/Delivery Head:

The project manager or the delivery head has the highest position in the hierarchy of the product testing job profiles and is additionally in charge of the best possible running, arranging, usage and conveyance of testing results to the organization or different seniors. The project manager has numerous obligations, for example, supervision, resource management, automation framework development and automation architecture planning.

Key Responsibilities –

  • Administration of various portfolios, projects, and programs
  • Building and managing a substantial business unit of technically reliable individuals
  • Bringing solid innovative authority and raising quality criteria
  • Taking a shot at scope and cost of a delivery part of the task
  • Balancing desires of team and customers
  • Keeping himself/herself refreshed with most recent tools and technologies and settling on the best way to embrace the shift

Quality Head:

Quality Head is the second highest position in the software testing department. This job is a mixture of managerial and technical skills. This role is a consequence of years of practice along with proven track record of managing various teams and projects successfully.

Key Responsibilities –

  • Deals with various QA projects all the while with the detailed level of association
  • Heads the QA applications effectively by actualizing the greatest level of planning and coordination
  • Shows compelling initiative along with planning and management skills to accomplish designated objectives
  • Evaluates and shares the progress of venture through various measurements and procedures executed
  • Recommends changes in the venture, with applicable information, to partners
  • Profoundly skilled and have the capacity to control the team in following territories of testing, if necessary: test configuration, test execution, data analysis, defect administration, and reporting.
  • Has a noteworthy role in accomplishing and managing CMMi accreditation for the company, by keeping up quality benchmarks

Manager QA:

Manager QA is that person who is in charge of investigating the venture or testing methods and exhorting the task to prompt the adherence or the undertaking procedure and so forth.

Key Responsibilities –

  • Takes care of QA processes usage and execution in the company
  • Characterizes risks associated with particular tasks and aides in moving risks by QA activities
  • Takes interviews, recognizes and prepares relevant skilled individuals to be a part of the QA team
  • Assists in setting up the environment by adding fundamental tools and procedures to control the nature of the task
  • Reports partners on standard interim about the advancement of project and choices made or adjusted

Team Leader:

A team of software testers is utilized to bear on specific testing tasks and the experts who lead the team is known as the team leader who reports to the delivery head. He/she gives offshore and onshore coordination, assigns the tasks, executes test cases, reports results, and plays out various different obligations too.

Key Responsibilities –

  • Works with the team to evaluate testing assignments, the extent of each undertaking and important subtle elements
  • Settles on models which ought to be kept up with the goal that testing advancement can be successfully followed
  • Create a team of a variety of skilled individuals, who can make a beneficial team
  • Allocates tasks to colleagues and ensures that assignment pipeline for each colleague is sufficient enough
  • Audits automation system provided by senior testers and gives the review to make it successful

Senior Software Tester/Senior QA Engineer:

He/she is the master and experienced tester who does the vast majority of the technical work according to the financial plan and case necessities. He/she takes an interest in peer inspections and in addition lead surveys and furthermore develops the test design archives.

Key Responsibilities –

  • Inspecting quality particulars and technical design reports to give significant and timely input
  • Making comprehensive, detailed, and well-structured test designs and experiments
  • Assessing, organizing, planning and regulating quality testing exercises

Junior Software Tester/Junior QA Engineer:

The junior tester falls at the base of the hierarchy of the product testing work chain and might be the most unpracticed engineer out of the team. The junior software tester too is a member of the testing team and is in charge of manual testing of windows and web-based applications. He/she examines the useful particulars and writes manual experiments too.

He/she is a novice in this field who performs essential obligations yet is still in the learning stage and may take guidelines from seniors to complete testing related works.

Key Responsibilities –

  • The tester should comprehend the necessities and significant area of work, plan inquiry list and share it with Test lead
  • Additionally, he/she should think of evaluated endeavors required to finish the undertaking productively
  • In view of task characterized and modules relegated, the tester is anticipated to archive test cases for the same
  • A tester must know how particular tool operates and is assumed to report the detailed bug report.
Career Opportunity For Software Testing

Academic Qualification

The academic qualification for starting your profession in software testing ought to be in Computer Science.

A BTech/B.E., MCA, BSc-Computers, BCA, will find you a job immediately.

In case that you don’t hold any of these qualifications, at that point you should do a software testing certification like CSTE and ISTQB which enable you to learn Software Development/Test Life Cycle and other testing strategies.

Over the last decade, the career in software testing has endured huge changes. Testing has become a show-stopper for various application or software implementations. Companies have realized the value of structured testing of applications before launch.

Testing isn’t simple — there are frequently puzzles and issues to resolve. The job will probably bring something new consistently. In case that you incline toward an exhausting job where you don’t need to think excessively then don’t seek after a software testing profession. However, when you need an occupation that keeps you on your toes, anybody will reveal to you that software testing is an extremely awesome decision.

As mentioned job profiles above you can take many routes in software testing. Moreover, you can pick whether you need to go into automated testing, manual testing, performance testing, and so forth.

Manual testing is the most well-known part of the software testing. This can be a remunerating profession when you are detail oriented, have a characteristic interest and appreciate adapting new things.

In case that you consistently enhance your aptitudes, you can make a good career as a Manual Tester, and you can summon a premium when you have specific mastery in specific kinds of trending programs or top to bottom knowledge of certain industry verticals, similar to manufacturing, IT, or healthcare.

To climb in the QA manager following a couple of years of manual testing you can take after a technical way or a test management way.

In case that, you cherish testing and you have a skill for scripting and coding, think about learning automated, execution, mobile or potentially security testing. As you need to develop in a technical position, you should stay aware of the recent technologies in the field.

On the contrary, if you like driving a team and persuading individuals to put forth a valiant effort, consider being a Test Leader or Test Manager. Also, if you are a Talented QA Manager, you can climb to a Delivery Head or Senior Manager, Director or Senior Director. With the expanding ubiquity of software testing companies, more QA official positions are opening up at different levels. Senior-level positions regularly require advanced degrees like an MBA degree.

Thus, when you need a high growth, a lucrative career, software testing is the right path. As a product tester, you’ll generally be required and will discover no absence of leading organizations attempting their hardest to hire you, and there are continuous possibilities to develop in your profession to achieve to a managerial level.

Hence, as should be obvious, software testing gives great career development opportunities. While every role and designation accompany its own particular pattern of challenges, it is fundamentally the same as different vocations. Your obligation increments as your experience increments. One needs to update their insight and range of abilities as they desire to ascend the ladder of this career.

Salary of Various People Working in the Testing \Industry

As of now, the average Testing Technician salary is $51,239 per year, with a range usually between $44,095-$60,710. But, this can differ widely relying on various factors and different roles. Few of the salary range for different QA testing job profiles are as follows:

  • Average Junior Tester Salary – $48,960
  • Average Quality Assurance Tester Salary – $69,832 per year
  • Average Software Test Engineer Salary – $93,749
  • Average QA Project Manager/Delivery Head Salary – $82,426 per year
  • Average Team Leader Salary – $96,342 per year
  • Average Manager QA Salary – $105,237 per year
  • Average Senior QA Engineer Salary – $93,951
  • Average Quality Assurance Engineer Salary – $79,148 per year
Skills Required To Be a Software Tester

 

To Excel in any job or profession, one must have a noteworthy level of the passion for it. A product tester must have an enthusiasm for his/her field. But along with this, there are some other skills also important to become a software tester which are –

Non-Technical Skills

  • Eye For the Details

Having a decent eye for subtle elements is useful on the grounds that every scenario will be secured. This ability assists to abstain from additional expenses of mistakes that are discovered late in the cycle or after product discharge. Exhaustive comprehension of software from a business perspective and seeing how testing stage impacts a business is alluring.

  • Logical and Analytical Skills

A great QA ought to have sharp analytical aptitudes. Logical skills will help separate an unpredictable programming framework into smaller units to pick up a superior comprehension and make test cases.

  • Time Management and Organization Skills

Testing now and again could be a troublesome work particularly amid the release of code. A software inspector should productively control workload, have high efficiency, display ideal time management, and organization aptitudes.

  • Correspondence Ability

A good QA must have great verbal and written communication expertise. Testing procedures like test cases, plans, test systems, bug reports, etc. made by the software tester ought not to be difficult to read and understand. Managing with engineers (in case of bugs or some other issue) will require a shade of circumspection and strategy.

  • Extraordinary Attitude

To be a decent QA you should have a GREAT state of mind. An approach to detail orientation, eagerness to learn and propose process enhancements. In the software marketing, technologies advance with a mind-boggling speed, and a decent software tester should update his/her technical abilities with the evolving advances. Your attitude should mirror a specific level of freedom where you take responsibility for errand designated and finish it with the least direct supervision.

Technical Skills

  • Testing Tools and Techniques

It is essential for each software tester to know about various testing strategies and utilization of tools. Notwithstanding the domain and type of application, the information of various types of testing likes penetration testing, black box testing, security testing, unit testing, system testing, and so forth makes testers flexible, helping them chip away at any kind of venture.

Also, with the wide range of tools that have been accessible in the market such as bug tracking tools, GUI testing tools, test management tools, automation tools and much more, it is additionally vital for QA to get the skill of these devices to serve diverse complexities and prerequisites of the project.

  • Fundamental Learning of Database/SQL

Software Systems have a lot of information in the background. This information is saved in various sorts of databases like MySQL, Oracle, etc. in the backend. In this way, there will be circumstances when this data should be approved. All things considered, complex/simple SQL queries can be utilized to check whether appropriate data is put away in the backend databases.

  • Information of a Test Management Tool

Test Management is a critical part of Software testing. Test management is only dealing with your testing related irregularities. Without legitimate test management systems, product testing procedure will come up short.

  • Understanding of Linux commands

The majority of the product applications like Web-Services, Application Servers, Databases are disposed on Linux machines. So, it is pivotal for analyzers to know about Linux commands.

  • Test Planning and Documentation

Planning and documentation abilities for test cases are fundamental for each software tester as it helps in recognizing the correct prerequisites and make proper decisions. This expertise likewise helps track the variations in necessities, check test procedures and follow deviations and furthermore helps in revealing and logging of work.

A well-archived test process can help both individual software testers and in addition, companies to designate the correct budget plan and resources to a venture. This is the reason test planning and documentation expertise is one of the essential aptitudes that each QA must possess.

Future of Software Testing

The Domain of Software Testing is in a Condition of Outrageous Change.

Truth be told, the developments in progress presently are seemingly more impactful than any progressions the industry has ever observed. So, what’s behind these progressions? Also, more imperatively, what would testers be able to anticipate from software testing in future?

A Huge Surge in IOT Testing

As of now, the vast majority of the business tasks are receiving Internet of Things (IoT). IoT applications and devices are tested for performance, security, and ease of use. The majority of the clients depend on IoT testing before buying their items. All the IoT gadgets require Internet network subsequently defenseless against security deformities and dangers. This guarantees the requirement for IoT Testing.

The Ascent of Agile and DevOps

Agile and DevOps will overwhelm in the up and coming year. They administer the goal of quality and offer shorter delivery periods to everybody. Continuous Delivery and Continuous Integration are the principal parts of DevOps and these are in charge of the speedier delivery periods.

Digital Transformation is Digging in For the Long Haul

With a dominant part of the companies making a raid in the digital world, the requirement for digital change will require an immense move of focus towards digital testing. Vigorous systems for digital confirmation will be required for concentrating on the upgrading of useful testing all over the channels.

AI and Machine Learning Will Make a Major Shift

Numerous new innovations are flying up in the product testing world, especially AI and Machine Learning. These innovations will provide us an extra course of automation. They will wind up prescribed, they will develop testing and they will end up self-versatile.

Though these technologies have not yet completely developed, they are as of now affecting the product testing field by making it more complex, and that effect will just keep on growing.

Performance Engineering is Coming into The Limelight

Reliable execution all over different platforms, devices, and OSs characterizes the scope of a market a software can truly catch. The need to give the best experience to users is advancing companies to improve their technique. They are presently moving far from simply giving Performance tests to giving Performance engineering.

Testers Must Be Willing To Learn and Adjust to Change

The technological progressions in the software testing enterprise drive the software testers to enhance their aptitudes and quality altogether. It is a real test for the testers as well as for the whole team to address the technological and progression updates.

Since testing is continually advancing, in case you’re not developing with it, you’re presumably not benefitting as much as possible from what you could be doing. So, the testers should continually refresh their insight base to stay aware of what’s happening.

Why Appium is Impeccable in iOS and Android App Testing

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Since mobile testing involves testing the applications across different devices and platforms such as Android and iOS, the task can become quite hectic. Thankfully, there is way out of this, and that is to use the mobile automation tools. Though there are many mobile automation tools available at present, Appium proves to be the most effective and accessible.

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Appium is flexible, feature-rich, scalable, and hugely helpful. And learning it would ease the job of every mobile tester. Well, if you are curious to know about Appium and its features, we can help you with that by providing necessary details.

Appium – The Open Source Mobile Application

Appium is just an open source mobile application for mobile automation. Appium supports native, hybrid, and web application automation test across physical devices including both an emulator and stimulator. It even enables cross-platform app testing where its real beauty lies.

Appium let the user write tests for multiple platforms including iOS, Android, and Windows Phone using the same API. It means that you could write a test for iOS and use the same test for Windows Phone and Android.  It saves time and aids the software tester to reuse a large number of codes between different test suites.

Another great feature of Appium is that it has no dependency on Mobile device OS. It is because Appium has a framework or wrapper that could translate Selenium Webdriver commands to UIAutomation or UIAutomator commands based on the type of device. Furthermore, Appium supports almost all languages which have Selenium client libraries.

Appium even showcases a neat feature that can automate without recompiling the app. It means that the user doesn’t need to have access to the application code to work with Appium. Whereas, other mobile automation tools like Frank and Calabash demands the user to be aware of the app code to be able to work with it. Thus, you could test the same app which you will be going to submit to the app store.

A bonus comes along with the philosophy on which Appium is built. The theory follows four tenets which will be discussed below.

Appium Philosophy and the Four Tenets

No automation or recompiling your app – As we have read earlier, Appium doesn’t require an extra agent or an app code to work. Therefore, the user doesn’t have to recompile or modify the app to automate it.

No requirement of a specific language or framework – Appium supports all languages when it comes to writing tests. Ruby, Python, Java, Node.js, Objective, PHP and you name it. Users wouldn’t have to learn a new language to work with the tool.

No reinventing the wheel – A better tool for mobile application shouldn’t reinvent the wheel when it comes to automation APIs. Appium uses WebDriver API, and so there is no hassle of reinventing the wheel by introducing an entirely new API.

A framework should be open source and practical – Appium is freely available to all the users and can be easily modified as per the user’s requirements. Furthermore, Appium is completely practical and real in spirit.

Appium and the Way It Works

Appium is an HTTP server written using a Node.js platform. It drives iOS and Android session using WebDriver JSON wire protocol. Once Appium is downloaded and installed on your device, a server is set up on the machine that gives REST API the required exposure. Later, it receives connection and command request from clients and takes necessary actions to execute the command.

Appium responds back using HTTP responses and uses mobile test automation frameworks to execute the request.

Prerequisites When Using Appium

Before you get started with Appium, you are required to install a few of the below-listed applications to work efficiently with Appium.

  • Android SDK
  • Java Development Kit
  • Eclipse
  • TestNG for Eclipse
  • Selenium Server
  • Appium Client Library
  • APK App Info on Google Play
  • Appium Desktop

Limitations of Using Appium

The most significant limiting factor of using Appium would be its inability to synchronise with AUT accurately. To put it simple words, while the automation tests are running, it may take some time for the action to complete. It may be waiting for some element to load or get ready so that the user can move forward to the next step. However, Appium doesn’t handle this situation diligently. One could put a “wait command” to overcome this delay. Nonetheless, this cannot act as a permanent solution and can turn your automation test to run slowly. Tools like Espresso and EarlyGrey could efficiently take care of situations like this.

Again, Appium is quite a tough tool to handle when you are a complete beginner in the process. You will also require a Mac system to run iOS tests, and iOS apps cannot be automated on Windows or Linux systems. This is due to the reason that Appium requires Xcode for iOS automation which is Mac-only at present.

Appium can again be a tough nut to crack when users look at it from the scalability perspective. Due to the technical limitations, users can only execute one test at a time Mac. This can be a great set back when buying Mac and buying multiple Macs to solve the situation can prove to be costly. Nonetheless, the only way to address this issue is to take aid from mobile cloud services such as SauceLabs.

Click on the below link to watch the tutorial for testing iOS apps with Appium. The video includes tutorials for setting up Appium on your device to writing the first test on OS X

Automating mobile application using Appium Selenium


Automation Test For Website and Web Apps Using Selenium

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Manual testing has become obsolete these days because it leads to more number of resources per task and increases cost per project. Automating regression and functional suites and tests with the help of Selenium and the WebDriver API is a good choice to reduce manual intervention and the cost associated. Selenium supports multiple programming languages like Java, Python, and Ruby and C #

Selenium has support of some of the largest browser vendors like Google Chrome, Internet Explorer and Safari. Thus, Selenium is considered as one of the most preferred open source tools for automation testing. Now, let us delve into more detail how the website and web apps can be automated using Selenium.

How To Start With Selenium

First, you need to analyze the application you want to automate. Next, you should know whether you want to do it with record and play or writing robust, browser-based regression automation suites and tests.

If you don’t need a full-fledged framework and if the tests which you want to automate are quite simple then you can go for record and play feature of Selenium IDE. It is implemented as Chrome and Firefox Extension. It has intelligent field selection which can identify an element using ID, Class and Xpath.

You can even debug and set breakpoints. You can put all test cases in single project file which contains all test cases and suites. It is very easy to learn as selenese commands are quite simple and the best thing is that you can do it easily without having any programming knowledge.

Selenium RC can also be used for writing automated web application tests. You can write test in any programming language against any HTTP website using any JavaScript enabled browser. It comes in two parts. One is the server which automatically launches the browser and kills them. It also acts as a HTTP Proxy for web request from them.

Second are the client libraries. It can be used for AJAX based web user interfaces and for some new browser which gets launched in market. It is getting deprecated with the advent of selenium Web driver which eliminated the need of the server which acts as an intermediate between Browser and Java Client.

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Selenium Web Driver is the most powerful tool of Selenium. It is extended version of Selenium RC. Web driver has given its support to many browsers like Opera, Safari, Chrome and Internet Explorer. Unlike Selenium RC, it don’t need server to be started prior to the execution. Selenium RC + Web driver API is combined known as Selenium 2.0. It can handle dynamic Web Pages and Ajax calls. Web driver makes direct calls to the Browser and the entire test script is executed using browser’s support and capabilities. Its speed of executing test cases against any browser is very fast as compared to Selenium RC and IDE.

With Web Driver you can deal with complex type of web elements like check boxes, drop downs and alerts. It can handle ajax calls and can switch between windows.

Now we will see how we can get started with seven basic steps of automating one application or web app. Before that you should have downloaded selenium jars and add them into your project’s build path.

  • Creating WebDriver Instance:

You need to create Webdriver instance. You can make a reference of WebDriver and you can have child object of its implementation classes like GoogleChrome, Internet Explorer or others.

WebDriver driver= new FirefoxDriver();

WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();

Also, keep in mind that if you are using ChromeDriver and InternetExplorerDriver then you need to set path for their executable file with the help of System.setproperty.

System.setProperty(“webdriver.chrome.driver”, “Path”);

System.setproperty(“webdriver.ie.driver”,”Path”);

You don’t have to set it for firefix but if your selenium version is above 3.0 then you need to set path of gecko driver in your code.

System.setProperty(“webdriver.gecko.driver”,”Path”);

  • Navigate To Webpage Which You Want To Test:

After making instance of webdriver now it is time to actually open the web application which you want to test. You can navigate to webdriver using get or navigate.to.URL() function.

driver. get(“URL”);  // This will land you to our webpage which you want to test.

  • Locate an HTML Element on Webpage:

After you have landed on the webpage you can now interact with the webpage using HTML elements. There are many locators which you can use to find out the elements. They are name, class name, Xpath, CSS and ID. You can take help of firebug or developer tools to find out your desired element.

WebElement login = driver.findElement(By.id(“”)); // one example of locator

  • Perform an Action on WebElement :

When you have found web element, now comes turn to do some action on it. For example if it is username you can enter words from keyboard and if it is login button, you simply have to click on that.

username.sendKeys(“”); // for sending input from keyboard to username textbox

login.click(); // for clicking on login button

  • Anticipate The Browser Response to the Action:

Browser takes some time to actually load the page. You should have some default time wait for all the web elements till the life time of driver instance. This can be done by implicit wait in Selenium.

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driver.manage().timeouts().implicitly Wait(10,TimeUnit.SECONDS) ;

This time would be applicable for all web elements. But sometimes there is a situation when only one element takes longer time to load then in such cases you can use explicit wait.

WebDriverWait wait=new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);

wait. until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath(“”)));

You can have N number of conditions with wait object.

  • Close Browser Session

You can close the browser the required test is performed.

driver.close(); // will close the current session

  • Run Tests and Record Test Results Using a Test Framework

Whatever I have explained till now will help you to run a single test. You can even maintain a framework to run test suites with beautiful report generation. You can take help of Maven, POM and Test NG to make such a robust framework.

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In this way, you will be able to run your test against any web application and web apps. Web Driver is very powerful amongst all selenium tools so, go for it. Learn some programming language and dwindle your manual efforts!!

20 Open Source Mobile Application Performance Testing Tools

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Do you have to deal with your extremely slow application/server every day? Has your latest feature undergone a degradation or memory leak? The only way to verify whether your application is performing well or not is to do a regular check.

app testing

However, how do you know which tool to choose and which not to? Through this post, we will take a look at the leading open-source sources for load and performance testing.

  • Sauce Labs

Sauce Labs is pretty popular among these days and runs over a million cloud-based tests every day. This automated mobile app testing covers over 800 different browsers to ensure bug-free user environment. Furthermore, the testing cloud runs tests in parallel and isn’t time-consuming at all. It can accommodate even the largest testing volume within the shortest possible time.

  • TestComplete

With TestComplete, it is now possible to run repeated UI tests across native and hybrid mobile apps. TestComplete is compatible with both Android and iOS devices, and it is possible to create automated test scripts or choose from programming languages including Python, VBScript, and JavaScript.

  • Calabash

Calabash is used to perform automated functional testing for native mobile apps. It comes with two open-source libraries for both Android and iOS devices. It can also provide APIs for touch screening experiences and works well with Ruby, NET, Java, and many other programming languages.

  • WebLoad

WebLoad is currently available in around 50 virtual users and is 100% free to use. It enables you to do a stress test to let you know of the device’s performance. The tool also comes with an application that helps in recording scripts directly from a mobile device

  • Kobiton

Kobiton provides access to devices for running manual and automated test. This mobile device cloud platform is built on top of the Appium open-source framework and could be used to test across devices without script modifications. The main feature of the tool includes commands, screenshots, faster identification, and automatically generated activity logs.

  • SeeTest Continuous Testing Platform

The SeeTest Continuous Testing Platform enables continuous testing of mobile applications to boost release cycles and increase quality. The tool continuously tests all types of mobile apps under real end-user conditions. To provide rapid feedback, and to speed up the release cycles, the tests are run in parallel on numerous devices.

  • Appium Studio

This free toll benefits the user in a multitude of ways. The main benefits include the ease of writing and recording tests using device reflection, Object Spy, and unique XPath. The tool even features running tests outside your application including audio features, barcode scanning, TouchID, and more.

  • MonkeyTalk

MonkeyTalk is an open-source tool that is built out of three components – IDE, Scripts, and Agents. Everything from simple “Smoke Tests” to tough data-driven tests could be done using MonkeyTalk which works well on both Android and iOS devices.

  • UI Automator

This open-source run tests only across Android devices. The tests are run using automated functional test cases, and UI Automator framework is built using the scripts written in JavaScript.

  • iOS Driver

As the name suggests, the tool is compatible only with iOS devices. Previously, the tool used to run rather efficiently on emulators than devices. But the recent versions run on devices as well as a much slower rate than on emulators. There is no requirement to change the app code or load any additional app for testing your mobile device performance, as the tool comes with in-built applications.

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  • Robotium

Robotium is yet another tool that works only on Android devices. The test automation framework does its job well on both native and hybrid apps. Alongside, the tool also allows the user to write function, test scenarios, and systems.

  • Selendroid

Explicitly designed for Selenium and Android UI testing, the open-source framework of this application interacts with emulators and multiple devices simultaneously. The test ought to be written via Selenium 2 client API, and the test code is based on Selenium 2 and WebDriver API.

  • KeepItFunctional

KeepItFunctional keeps your iOS device functional by running test to make sure that your device performs its best. The open-source framework allows amble automation testing of iOS apps.

  • Egg Plant

Developed by Test Plant, eggplant is a commercial GUI automation testing product used for both Android and iOS app testing. The tool is useful for image-based testing, network testing, mobile testing, and cross-browser testing.

  • Ranorex

Ranorex is used to test both web-based and mobile applications. Ranorex supports a wide array of tests including acceptance test, data-driven test, cross-device tests, automation tests, web tests and more. Nonetheless, Ranorex is mainly used to run functional tests on native iOS apps, and mobile apps.

  • Silk Mobile

This automated functional testing tool is the brainchild of Borland. The tool supports testing almost all operating systems including Android, iOS, Blackberry, Windows Mobile, Symbian, and HTML 5. Silk Mobile also features a visual scripting and advanced scripting mode which can be altered based on the organisation’s requirements.

  • SOASTA TouchTest

Launched by SOASTA, this functional testing tool aids in continuous testing for both native and hybrid apps. The tool helps in boosting your device’s performance after speeding up the mobile testing on both open-source and commercial platforms.

  • Testdroid

Testdroid includes a set of mobile software development and testing products that are developed by Bitbar Technologies Limited. The tool helps in amble testing of mobile apps with automation and manual testing.

  • TestFairy

This Beta Testing platform for mobile apps helps to perform testing with an additional feature of video recording in case of both Android and iOS apps. TestFairy is a free mobile testing tool that comes with open-source plugins and API.

  • Frank

Frank is presently the only test framework that features integration of Cucumber and JSON. The tool helps the user to write structures acceptance tests and requirements. The tool makes it easy for the user to work with the tool without having to make any modification to the app code.

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With so many choices, choosing the right mobile testing app for your device can be a hectic task. With the above list, you would be able to find the one tool that suits your need.

Functional and Non-Functional Testing : Striking Differences

Posted on by tbsupadminnxtbackendacc

Testing is critical to every business function, but testing is a huge umbrella. One needs to understand the different types of testing available and then decide what is best suited for their application. One of the broadest classifications of testing is functional and non-functional testing. In this section, we will discuss more of these two types of testing and how they are different from one another.
Context of the blog

  1. What is Functional Testing?
  2. What is non-functional testing?
  3. Functional testing strategies
  4. Types of Functional Testing 
  5. Functional testing strategies
  6. Conclusion

1. what is functional testing?
Just as the name suggests, functional testing is done to verify the functionality of the Application Under Test (AUT). At the beginning of any software project, there is a stakeholder meeting to discuss the requirements of the application. These requirements are discussed, brainstormed, documented, and then signed off. This document then serves as a guideline for application development.
The main aim of any functional testing is to ensure, everything documented in the specifications document is implemented as expected. Quality in terms of functional testing is getting the expected result after every transaction. The accuracy of the result or output is the checkpoint for every functional test case. A detailed functional testing plan is driven by a testing matrix wherein each requirement is mapped to one or more functional test cases and verification points.
2. What is non-functional testing?
Non-functional testing concentrates on the aspects of testing that are not directly related to the functionality of the application. Some of the most points that are tested under non-functional testing are the usability of the application, the ease of navigation, time is taken to move between screens or pages, the performance of the application under load or stress.
Many people make the mistake of ignoring non-functional requirements, this can sometimes lead to the failure of the application or product as well. Instead, they should make it a point to capture and document these requirements as well. These are popularly known as the NFR’s (Non-Functional Requirements). Both functional and non-functional requirements are equally important and need to be thoroughly tested for the success of the application.

3. Types of Functional Testing
White Box Testing: Includes testing the internal structure of the system code

Black Box Testing:  Based on the test objective, derive test cases

Unit Testing: Identify bugs and errors right from the start of the development life cycle.

Smoke Testing and Sanity Testing:  Compare the system with specifications to make sure it’s functioning accordingly

Integration Testing: Test individual software components to verify the interaction between various interfaces

Non-Functional Testing Involves Following Sub-Types of Testing’:

Compatibility Testing: Performed to ensure compatibility of a system, application, or website

Configuration Testing: Testing an application with multiple combinations of software and hardware to find out the optimal configurations

Load Testing: Determine a system’s behavior under both normal and anticipated peak load conditions.

Performance Testing: Evaluating the quality or capability of a product.

Recovery Testing: Determine how quickly the system can recover after it has gone through a system crash or hardware failure

Security Testing:  Determine if an information system protects data and maintains functionality

Scalability Testing:  Measure its capability to scale up or scale out in terms of any of its non-functional capability.

Stress Testing: Stretches software to its limits and checks its durability.

4. Functional Testing Strategies

For functional testing, the test strategies are attained using automated and manual tools. The widely used functional testing method includes black-box testing, where the tester isn’t required to test the internal source code, but validates the system using valid and invalid inputs.

All functional tests like, API testing, unit testing, Boundary value analysis, etc., have a specific output that has an expected output. After entering valid data, the system should work as intended. Functional tests are scripted with pass and fail criteria.

The tests conducted under this require more creativity and technical expertise compared to the functional ones. This is because you are developing a product keeping the end-user workflow in mind, rather than what input gives what output.

While some non-functional tests can be defined through fail and pass criteria, many tests are more objective and require the opinion of the testing team.

Therefore non-functional tests are written in measurable and quantifiable ways wherever needed. Having good communication and requirement gathering from the client is essential when you perform testing.

5. Difference Between Functional and non-functional Testing

S No. Criterion Functional Testing Non Functional Testing
1 What is tested? The functionality of the application is tested by verifying each of the functional requirements as documented in the SRS (Software Requirement Specification) The NFR or the Non-Functional Requirements are tested here with more weightage on usability and ease of use for the customers.
2 How is it performed? It can be done both manually and using automation tools In most cases, we need a tool to simulate the scenarios for this type of testing
3 What is validated? The functionality of the application is verified against the set guidelines The performance of the application is validated under different situations.
4 Example On the login screen, once the user enters his username and password, he should be able to successfully navigate to the next screen in the application On the login screen, once the user enters his username and password, he should be able to successfully navigate to the next screen in the application within “X” seconds. This “X” should be documented in the NFR document. So, if X is 6 sec, the user being able to log in at the 7th second would be considered as a failure.
5 Sequence Once the application development is completed, the functional testing can be module by module or even with respect to functionalities. It is normally done after the functional testing is completed for the entire application. It can be done along with the integration testing also.
6 Types of testing 1. Unit Testing
2. Smoke Testing
3. Regression Testing
4. Integration Testing
5. User Acceptance Testing		 1. Load Testing
2. Performance Testing
3. User Experience Testing
4. Stress Testing
5. Disaster Recovery Testing
7 Usage It is done to validate the application and how it behaves It is done to validate the performance of the application under different sets of conditions and scenarios
8 Source of the requirements The functional requirements are provided by the app owners and signed off before the start of the development activity Voice of Customer and the surveys related to how similar applications perform in the market are taken as the ballpark measure for the non-functional requirements
9 Ease of defining checkpoints Functional testing checkpoints are easy to define. For example, if you have a login screen, you enter the correct credentials and hit the login button, it should take you to the next page. The NFR checkpoints are difficult to describe. For example, in different instances login may take 4 sec, 6 sec, 8 sec, or 10 sec. It is difficult to decide which is the failure case in this.
10 Ease of execution Functional tests are very straightforward and easy to execute. If there are well-defined test cases available, then in most cases even a non-tester would be able to perform the functional testing by following the test case document Running the non-functional tests needs a deep understanding of the scenarios and how to set them up. It requires special skills and cannot be performed by non-testers


6. Conclusion
Both functional and non-functional testing is very important for rolling out a quality product or application to the market. It is the responsibility of the stakeholders to ensure both these types of testing are done exhaustively before the product or application reaches the customers.
The success of the application or software product is directly related to its quality. And the best quality can be achieved only by conducting both functional and non-functional testing.

23 Incredible Load Testing Tools For Web and Mobile Apps

Posted on by tbsupadminnxtbackendacc

Developers require load testing tools to promptly hunt down bugs and performance problems to make things operate easily. The tools guarantee an application performance is optimized and maximized during peak traffic and severe stress situations.

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The Free and Commercial Top 23 Load Testing Tools are as follows:

1. Apache JMeter

  • A pure Java, open source application utilized to test performance on both dynamic and static resources.
  • Simulates heavy loads on groups of servers, individual servers, networks, or objects to examine the strength and analyze execution under various load types.
  • Applied to test web apps, FTP, SOAP & REST web services, databases etc.
  • Several commercial tools support JMeter

2. WebLOAD

  • The tool of choice for enterprises with heavy user load and complex testing requirements.
  • It’s flexible and easyto use.
  • Enable you to instantlyspecify the tests you require with features such as automatic correlation, DOM-based recording/playback, and JavaScript scripting language.
  • Supports technologies – from enterprise applications to web protocols.
  • Has built-in integration with Selenium, Jenkins, and many more.

3. Tsung

  • A free open source software launched under GPLv2 licensefor performance testing that works on multiple protocols.
  • Utilized to accentuate HTTP, WebDAV, LDAP, MySQL and various other servers.
  • Many IP addresses are opened on one device employing their OS IP Aliasing.
  • Response time can be estimated while loading by producing HTML reports.

4. NeoLoad

  • An innovative load testing tool created to 10X times faster automate test design, analysis, and maintenance for DevOps and Agile teams.
  • Integration with CI servers for motorized test runtime.
  • Analyses user paths to detect newer path versions to evade flaws.

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5. Rational Performance Tester

  • Developed by IBM Corporation which is performance test production, and analysis tool.
  • Supports development team to approve the reliability and scalability of web-based platforms before deployment into the formulation.
  • Event and scheduled based testing.
  • No coding needed.
  • Real-time reporting for instant execution problem identification.

6. Loadster

  • A desktop-based high-level HTTP load testing tool.
  • The web browser can be utilized to record the easy to use scripts.
  • Using the GUI you can even transform the basic script with powerful variables to verify the response.
  • HTML report is created to analyze the performance of your application.
  • Best to detect the execution bottlenecks in the application.

7. Appvance

  • The first consolidated software test automation tool which reduces the redundancies built by old siloed QA tools that hinder DevOps teams.
  • Detects bugs the user would notice on their browsers and mobile applications.
  • Incorporates a different level of regularity in their record and perform script production.
  • Data-driven is possible for whatever language you use.

8. Cloud Test

  • A cloud-based load testing tool which fast-tracks load testing scenario and works with speed that is affordable and scalable.
  • Analyze and control the performance of mobile apps, web applications, and APIs.
  • Extricate the report in your preferred format to locate the system’s performance loopholes.

9. Load Impact

  • An on-demand and automatic performance testing tool for DevOps.
  • Fairly efficient for testing any protocol- a web app or API or mobile app or website.
  • Offers a powerful Lua scripting setting permitting you to generate complex or simple API scenarios.
  • Correlates you with performance trending analytics and reports via webhook

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10. Grinder

  • A load testing system accessible under the BSD-style open-source license that too for free, operating on Java platform.
  • Simple to operate a distributed test which can be done by utilizing multiple load injector machines.
  • Pre-built Java libraries with a wide range of protocols and frameworks are possible.
  • Test scripts can be written in Jython and Clojure.

11. Load UI Pro

  • LoadUI Pro by Smartbear lets you instantly generate script-less complicated load tests, publish them on the cloud utilizing load agents and control server’s performance on increasing the load on them.
  • Enables reuse of subsisting SoapUI Pro functional tests.
  • Preconfigured test templates such as baseline, spike, stress, and smoke.

12. Httperf

  • An open Source HTTP load generator for regulating web server performance promoting the construction of both micro and macro- level benchmarks.
  • Creates and maintains server overloads.
  • Tests standard HTTP payload of the application.

13. Gatling

  • Open-source framework created using Scala, Akka&Netty.
  • Creates precise results that can be observed progressively and can be exported later for review.
  • Drastically diminishes the debugging time period.

14. WAPT

  • An affordable, simple-to-use stress and load testing tool.
  • Can test any website comprising of mobile sites, web portals, and business applications.

15. HPE Load Runner

  • An end-to-end framework performance to recognize and resolve problems before application launch.
  • Sustains wide array of applications to reduce skill and time.
  • Consolidates with development tools like jUnit, IDE etc.

16. Testing Anywhere

  • An automated testing tool with built-in intelligence to test the execution of any web application, website, or other objects.
  • Script-less software supporting innumerable testing feasibilities.

17. StresStimulus

  • Automatically settles playback errors due to its exclusive autocorrelation.
  • Reports traffic for mobile operators- Android, Apple, Windows,and
  • Advances several Enterprise applications SharePoint, CRM, Silverlight etc.
  • Serves as a stand-alone add-on tool.

18. OpenSTA

  • A free GUI-based load testing tool built for proficient testing users.
  • Proficient in delivering the heavy load test and review for the scripted HTTP and HTTPS.
  • Uses easy recordings to make load tests and generates statistics after performing them.

19. LoadComplete

  • A desktop tool employed for load testing of web applications, providing stats on their stress, scalability, and performance.
  • Records user interactions to build tests and assume these actions with many virtual users.
  • Gives exact test analysis report after every test.

20. Locust

  • An Open Source load testing tool which allows determining user behavior utilizing Python.
  • Permits testing on any system, and various systems simultaneously.


21. Loader

  • A free cloud-based service to test the web application supporting stress and load by building thousands of concurrent connections.
  • Monitor your application response in real-time in the mode of readable charts and graphs.

22. QEngine (ManageEngine)

  • A most typical and easy automated testing tool for performance and load testing of your web applications.
  • Manages performance leakages in web services or sites.
  • Capable to conduct remote testing of web services from any geographical area.

23. Silk Performer

  • Designed to provide a consistent user experience and unlimited cloud assistance for load testing anywhere, anytime, on any device.
  • Serves purpose for low bandwidth users.